Bump Beauty: Understanding Stretch Marks During and After Pregnancy

It is not uncommon for expectant mothers to worry about stretch marks appearing on their body as their pregnant belly grows. And the occurrence of stretch marks during in pregnancy is more common that you would think.

What exactly causes stretch marks?

“Stretch marks occur as a result of stretching of the skin, which breaks down collagen and elastin fibres in the deep layers of the skin,” says Dr Fatima Moosa, a Bloemfontein-based dermatologist at The Derm Factor. Dr Moosa adds that rapid weight gain or loss favours the development of stretch marks, which is why they are more prevalent during pregnancy.

When it comes to itchy skin, she notes that the old wives’ tale should be disregarded: “Scratching itchy skin during pregnancy does not cause stretch marks”.

Is it possible to know if you will develop stretch marks during pregnancy?

While each pregnancy is different, there are factors that may determine who might develop stretch marks during pregnancy. Dr Moosa says that family history matters - if your mother had stretch marks during pregnancy, you are more likely to develop them as well. “Genetics play a key role in determining who develops stretch marks during pregnancy. Our genes influence skin elasticity and collagen production, which are important for the skin’s ability to stretch without tearing,” she explains.

Can stretch marks be prevented?

There are no methods that have been proven to completely prevent stretch marks during pregnancy, says Dr Moosa, but she says there are ways to help minimise them.

“Keeping your skin moisturised, and eating a balanced, nutritious diet can help maintain skin elasticity. Ingredients like shea butter or hyaluronic acid in moisturisers may also help somewhat. However, remember that genetics play a big role, so some women may still develop them despite these efforts,” she says.

Can stretch marks be treated?

So, what do you do after the first few stretch marks have become visible? Do not panic! Stretch marks are one of the very natural and normal things about a pregnancy – and they are a wonderful reminder of how much our bodies can handle.
 
While stretch marks are difficult to treat and there is no guaranteed way to eliminate them, Dr Moosa says that several ingredients can help reduce the appearance of stretch marks.
 
“During pregnancy, hyaluronic acid can help improve skin elasticity. After pregnancy, prescription retinoids can boost collagen production and fade stretch marks. Always consult with a doctor before using retinoids, especially when breastfeeding,” she advises.
 
Dr Moosa adds that there are several treatments that can effectively reduce the appearance of stretch marks postpartum but, again, you should consult with your doctor to find the best solution for you.
 
“Laser therapies after your pregnancy may help to stimulate collagen production, helping to improve skin texture and fade stretch marks. Microneedling, sometimes combined with radiofrequency, also boosts collagen and improves skin elasticity. Chemical peels can enhance skin cell turnover, reducing the appearance of stretch marks over time,” she explains.
 
If you’re considering any of these treatments, remember that each treatment’s effectiveness depends on multiple factors, like age and severity. Dr Moosa also says that multiple sessions may be required for optimal results.

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