How to treat cradle cap

Skin conditions in babies can be seen as baby acne on the face, a heat rash on their elbow creases, or nappy rash on their buttocks or groin area. Cradle cap, found mostly on the scalp, is a skin condition that is common in the first year of a baby’s life.

Like with many other skin issues, cradle cap is not necessarily something to be concerned about and it can be managed with certain products and techniques and, in more severe cases, with medical help.

What exactly is cradle cap?

Also known by its scientific name – infantile seborrheic dermatitis – cradle cap is a harmless skin condition. According to Stellenbosch-based paediatrician Dr Martelle Bruwer, it presents as white or yellow scales on a baby’s scalp. There could also be a rash or patches that are crusting, but cradle cap does not cause itchiness and is not painful, says Dr Bruwer. “In some cases, cradle cap can also be found on the ears and the brow area. It usually clears up on its own within a few months,” she says.

How can cradle cap be treated?

The good news is that it is easy to reduce the appearance of cradle cap at home. 

“Use a mild shampoo to wash your baby’s scalp – this can help to loosen and remove the scales,” says Dr Bruwer. The American Academy of Dermatology also recommends the use of fragrance-free baby shampoo in order to avoid irritating the skin. If this does not seem to make a difference, they also note that there are products specially formulated to help with cradle cap – these will be noted as such on product labels.

Baby oil is also safe to use on a baby’s scalp and is effective in loosening harder scales – simply apply the oil to the baby’s scalp before bath time and gently massage it into the scalp. 

Does cradle cap ever require expert medical help?

If your little one does have cradle cap, it is fine for you to wash their hair more frequently to help soften and remove the scales. Wash their hair every other day, following expert advice, and take note of any changes in appearance to the areas affected.
 
If the cradle cap does take longer to clear (it can take up to two years to clear up completely) or if it seems severe with additional inflammatory signs, Dr Bruwer suggests you take your child to their paediatrician, who would be able to prescribe a medicated shampoo, if necessary.
 
If your baby also develops eczema or any other skin condition alongside the cradle cap, it is also best to have a paediatrician look at them to ensure you are using bath products and moisturisers that can help treat both conditions.
 
Your baby will need to see a doctor if they are in pain, experiencing excessive itching, hair loss, or there is any odour coming from the rash.

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