What is gastroenteritis?
Gastroenteritis is a condition characterised by inflammation of the stomach and the small intestine. It can cause nausea, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, loss of appetite, muscle pain and a mild fever.
"This could lead to dehydration due to fluids lost through vomiting and diarrhea," says Clicks Pharmacist Waheed Abdurahman. "Dehydration usually causes muscular weakness, light-headedness, decreased urinary output, dry mouth and increased thirst."
What causes gastroenteritis?
According to Harvard Medical School, the two most common causes of gastroenteritis are viral and bacterial infections.
Bacterial infections are usually caused by salmonella, shigella, campylobacter jejuni, E. coli as well as many other types of bacteria. These bacteria can be spread from person to person or through consuming contaminated food or water, says Abdurahman.
Viral infections are most commonly caused by the norovirus in adults, and the rotavirus in children. Harvard Medical school states that “the viruses are very contagious, and usually spread from one person to another on unwashed hands, or by close contact with an infected person, such as sharing food or eating utensils”.
How to prevent gastroenteritis
“Much like Covid-19, good hygiene practices play a role in preventing infection,” says Abdurahman. “Studies indicate that people frequently and thoroughly washing their hands can decrease the rate of infection. Where possible, keep your distance from those currently infected. It’s also important to wash your hands as well as the utensils you use after handling raw meat and poultry.”
How is gastroenteritis treated?
Treatment is usually focused on staying hydrated, as in most cases gastroenteritis clears up after a few days without any specific medical intervention. Oral rehydration solutions are advised or, in more severe cases, intravenous rehydration in hospital.
“If you start to experience a high fever, dizziness, weakness, or persistent vomiting or diarrhea, you should contact your healthcare provider,” Abdurahman advises.
Click here to shop for rehydration solutions
Also read: Do not let stomach flu spoil your summer
IMAGE CREDIT: 123rf.com
* Reliance on any information provided on this Website is solely at your own risk.
The content of this Website is provided as a service to you for educational purposes only. It is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. If you are experiencing symptoms or need medical advice, you should seek the advice of your healthcare professional.