Dandruff is a process of dead skin flaking from the scalp, explains Clicks pharmacist Bradley Parsons. This shedding occurs when there is an overproduction of skin cells, which flake individually, or in clumps. The condition has been connected to the fungus malassezia, which lives naturally on the scalps of many people, but is much more prolific on those that suffer from dandruff.
Don’t assume it is dandruff
Not all flakes from your scalp are dandruff. Dry scalp, certain hair products (like gel or hairspray), medications and even sunburn can all cause flaking, which can be mistaken for dandruff.
“It is important to rule out potential causes when symptoms have a sudden onset,” says Parsons. For example, if you start using a new hairspray and suddenly find you have an itchy scalp and flaking, your symptoms could be an allergy to the product rather than dandruff.
The following symptoms are indicative of dandruff:
- White oily-looking flakes with a thick texture found both on the scalp and in the hair.
- Mild itching can occur, and all over the scalp – not just in certain areas.
Redness on the scalp, intense itching, pain, plaques, patches of redness and scabs or crusts could indicate other conditions, says Parsons. If these issues persist, one should seek the help of a medical professional.
Do treat dandruff
Parsons recommends medicated moisturizing shampoos as your first assault on dandruff, and in more stubborn cases, an over-the-counter antifungal shampoo.
One can also look into natural remedies containing coconut oil, olive oil and lemon juice, which can help to moisturise the scalp and correct the pH of the skin.
“Additionally, rule out any triggers that may make your condition worse,” advises Parsons.
The dos and don’ts of preventing a dandruff recurrence
There are a number of precautions one can take to prevent dandruff from recurring. Parsons recommends the following:
- DO protect your scalp, using a shampoo and conditioner that work for you.
- DON’T switch between brands too often.
- DO avoid harsh hair colorants and dyes
- DO wear a hat when in the sun.
- DON’T scratch your scalp when you have dandruff – this can damage the scalp, and increase the fungus that causes dandruff.
If you believe you are suffering from dandruff, consult with a medical professional including your Clicks pharmacist to make sure you’re taking the best course of action for your condition.
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